Harrow



(No Model.)

J. M. GHILDS.

HARROW.

Patented Sept. 7, 1886.

INVENTOR.

Wrrmzssng.

N PETERS, Hwm-Ldhographcr. Washington, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J. MORRIS CHILDS, OF UTIOA, NE\V YORK.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 348,544, datedSeptember 7,1886.

Serial No. 200,895. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be itknown that l, J. Mourns CIIILDS, of Utica, in the county of Oneidaand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Hal-rows; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appcrtains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in harrows; and it consists inthe combinations of parts hereinafter pointed out and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a top View of my improved harrow.Fig. 2 represents a side view of the same. Figs. 3, 4t, 5, and 6represent detailsof construction. Fig. 7 represents a section of theharrow with the curved tooth broken off, showing the general form of theclip for holding a tooth in a harrow. Fig. 8 represents the generalconstruction of the clip.

Heretofore great trouble has been-encountered in protecting the lowersurface of the harrow-frame from wear, and various devices have beenused for this purpose. Usually a fiat plate of iron is bolted or rivetedto the under side of the frame,which occasions trouble by comingincontact with stone and other obstructions, bending the iron downward,not unfrequently seriously injuring the frame,the purpose of myinvention being to entirely overcome this trouble by furnishing awearing-surl'acc of solid metal, preferably iron or steel, formed inangle shape other than rightangle bend, which can be cheaply and easilyfurnished increasing the durability of the harrow and decreasing cost ofconstruction.

Heretofore a patent was allowed to me for an improvement in harrows,Serial No. 180,821, filed October 24,1885, in which patent I claimed theuse of angle-iron and slotted cross-beams, a spring tooth, and means forholding the three elements in contact. In the drawings, the angle-ironconsisted of a strip with a rightangle bend in the same.

1n the drawings, a \I-shaped harrow is shown. Any other style ofconstruction may be used without departing from the spirit of myinvention,the chief features of whiehI will now proceed to describe andclaim.

I construct the frame of the desired size and shape, provided with asuitable number of draft-barsand cross-bars rigidly secured at theirintersection, as hereinafter pointed out. I provide draft-bars I, madefrom metal, rolled or forged,with two angle-bends in cross section, asshownin Figs. 3, at, and 5, the first two presenting broadwearing-surfaces and the third presenting an acute angle, forming aprojecting wearing-surface, Fig. 6 representinga draft-bar incross-section presenting a curved wearing-surface, all of whichcmbracethegeneral features of my invention as at present a metallicwearing-surface, the main point to be attained in a harrow.theprojecting ends 2 2 2 being hammered or flattened, bent and perforatedto overlap each other for forming a central hinge, by means ofconnectingrod 3, passingthrough the perforations of the overlaping endsof the draft-bar, wherebya strong and durable hinge is formed, asdescribed.

It is quite obvious that instead of using a rod, as shown in thedrawings, independent bolts may be used for uniting the projectingbentand perforated ends of the draft-bars for forming the hinge. Forforming a durable frame I mount on the angle draft-bar suitablecross-bars, 4L 4 4, provided with suitable slot or slots,5,for engagingthe angle-iron,whereby the same, when properly bolted, is prevented fromrocking or becoming displaced.

In the harrow shown in the patent heretofore allowed to me the slottedcross-beams received one angle of the draftbarsthe crossbeams restingupon the other angles, forming substantially an even surface on theunder side of the harrow. It is found by the use of this device that theharrow on sandy soil is likely to cl0g,by the teeth working too freelyinto the soil, drawing the under surface of the harrow into contacttherewith, thereby forming a clogging-surface,which it is quitedesirable to overcome. I attain this by providing metallic d raft-barshaving two vertical parallel walls and a wearing-surface for receivingthe cross-bars, thus preventing the draft-bars from rocking when held inrigid contact with the cross-beams, and at the same time forming runnersprojecting below the cross-beams for running in contact with the soiland forming wearing-surfaces. This I consider an important feature.

It is quite obvious that the cross-bars may be mounted on the angle-ironand suitably bolted without departing from the spirit of my invention,although the grooves in the cross-bars are deemed more serviceable thanthe method just described.

011 the top of the frame thus constructed,at the intersecting points ofthe draft and cross bars,I mount a curved tooth which curves forward,upward, rearward, and downward below the surface of the draft-bars,forengaging the ground,substantially shown and described in Figs. 3, 4, 5,and 6. I attach the curved teeth 6 to the intersection-point of theframe by means of reversible clip 7, having projecting ears 88,perforated for receiving a bolt on the corners of the clip 9 9,and oneach side of the clip I projecting lugs 10 10, for engaging the oppositeedges of the tooth for holding the same from turning when the clip isbolted to the intersecting portions of the frame. This clip is placedover the tooth,and bolts inserted in the cars, which bolts pass throughthe' angleiron forming the draft-bar, and when properly tightened bysuitable nuts, forms a solid and compact arrangement for uniting thedraft and cross bars and clip, thereby securing the tooth rigidly to theintersecting-point of the frame, as shown and described. My clip ispreferably constructed substantially straight, so that its extremityengages the curve of the tooth, which forms a spring-bearing, therebypreventing the nut from working loose, and at the same time forming areliable tooth-seat.

11 represents ordinary mechanism for attaching whifl'letrees or othermechanism for drawing the harrow, the same being a wellknown device.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. Thecombination, in a harrow, of the iron draft-bars having verticalparallel walls and a wearing surface on the under side, groovedcross-beams resting on and engaging the top of the vertical walls of thedraft-bars, and spring-curved teeth mounted on the frame, with means forholding the draft-bars, the cross-beams, and the curved spring-teeth infixed relation, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in a harrow, of the metallic draft-bars havingvertical parallel walls and a wearing-surface, cross-beams resting onthe upper surface of the Vertical walls of the draft-bars, spring-curvedteeth mounted on the frame, and means for holding the draft-bars,cross-beams, and curved springll eelbzg in fixed relation, substantiallyas set 3. In aharrow-frame, the combination, withthe cross-beamsrestingon the upper surface, of metallic draft-bars having vertical parallelwalls and a wearing-surface forming projecting metallic wearing-surfacesbelow the cross beams, and curved spring-teeth, with means for holdingthe draft-bars, crossbeams, and spring-curved teeth in fixed relation,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a harrow having cross-beams with grooves on theunder side, the metallic angle draft-bars having vertical parallel wallsand a wearing-surface projecting below the cross-beams, with means forretaining the two in fixed relation, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, in a harrow, of the grooved cross-beam and themetallic draft-bars having parallel walls and a projecting wear--ing-surface below the cross-beams, and the curved spring-tooth mountedon the cross beams, with means for holding the three in fixed relationat the intersection of the draftbars and cross beams, substantially asset forth.

6. The combination, in a harrow, of the cross-beams, the metallicdraft-bars having parallel walls, and a projecting wearing-surface belowthe cross-beams, the curved spring-tooth mounted on the cross-beams, afasteningclip with projecting perforated ears and lugs for engagingopposite surfaces of the tooth, and means for holding the clip, tooth,cross-beams, and draft-bars in fixed relation to each other,substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of the angle draft-bars with walls 5 5, thecross-beams resting on the upper sides of the same, and the curvedspringtooth and means for rigidly holding the same in contact.

In witness whereof Ihave affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

J. M. CHILDS.

\Vitnesses:

EDWIN H. RISLEY, DANIEL MoGUoKEN.

